Thanks to my good Canadian friend Lori, I know have a huge list of words and slang from Canada and now I have a better understanding of why I feel like people in the US don't understand me when I talk. Thanks Lori, this helps out greatly!

anglophone - A Canadian whose first language is English.

francophone -A Canadian whose first language is French.

back bacon - Canadian bacon. Sometimes rolled in peameal (like cornmeal, only it's made from peas).

brown bread -In most of Canada, whole wheat bread. If you are at a diner for breakfast and you ask for whole wheat toast, they'll understand you, but "brown toast" is a lot more Canadian. Down east, "brown bread" refers to a sweetened, molasses bread.

chocolate bar - Candy bar. Popular Canadian brands include Aero, Crispy Crunch, Crunchie, Coffee Crisp, Caramilk, Bounty. Mars Bars have darker chocolate and no nuts. Other Canadian candies include Smarties (imagine very sweet M&Ms in brightly colored boxes, not the sweet-tart chalky things), Mackintosh toffee, and Callard & Bowser toffees.

homo milk -Homogenized milk. Known in the States as whole milk. Nobody here thinks twice about what images milk cartons with the word "HOMO" in big letters on the side conjure up in the minds of Americans. A friend notes: "The term whole milk is actually used in Canada too, but refers to something different. Homo milk is homogenized milk with a butterfat content of 3.25%. Whole milk is not homogenized (it will separate if left standing for any period of time; this is the milk our parents drank). Almost all milk today is homogenized, although whole milk can still be found if one looks."

icing sugar - powdered sugar

Kraft Dinner, or KD - Kraft Macaroni and Cheese. No difference between what's in the boxes, just what's on them. (Thanks to another visitor for this one.) Canadians eat a lot of KD. Referred to in some areas as "rubber bullets."

poutine (pron. poo-TEEN) - Quebecois specialty. French fries covered in cheese curds and gravy. Hyurgh.

Shreddies - A brand of breakfast cereal, vaguely resembling Chex.

Smarties -Not the ones you're used to seeing in the US. In Canada, Smarties are a candy resembling M&Ms. They do melt in your hand, and they're a lot sweeter. Smarties conoisseurs eat the red ones last.

Timbits - Do(ugh)nut holes from Tim Horton's. Several people with dark senses of humo(u)r have pointed out to me that these were introduced shortly after Tim Horton, a famous and beloved hockey player who started the chain, was killed in a car accident.

whitener - Powdery stuff to put into coffee or tea. Called "non-dairy creamer" in the US.

Holidays
Boxing Day - The day after Christmas. So named because of the British tradition of giving gift boxes to people such as mail carriers, milkmen, etc., on December 26. In Canada, Boxing Day is the date for many huge annual sales.

Canada Day - Canada's birthday. July 1, the anniversary of the Confederation of Canada in 1867. The day is marked by parties and fireworks.

Remembrance Day - November 11, known in the US as "Veterans' Day." Canadians were important and valiant fighters in the two world wars, and are still known and respected as military peacekeepers. See "Why everyone wears poppies in early November."

Thanksgiving - Celebrated on the second Monday of October, to reflect that Canada's harvest comes earlier than the American one. Very similar to the American Thanksgiving -- family get-togethers, big turkey dinner with potatoes, gravy, etc. -- but not as big a deal here, and there's no mention at all of Pilgrims.

Victoria Day - Queen Victoria's birthday, May 24th. It's celebrated the Monday before Memorial Day. Beer is the official beverage of the Victoria Day weekend, because it's more or less the first weekend of the summer, when everyone goes to their cottages or cabins and opens them up for the first time since fall.

If you're American, be aware that Canadians don't celebrate Independence Day (duh), Martin Luther King Jr. Day,
Columbus Day, Memorial Day, or Presidents' Day.
Clothing
housecoat - robe, bathrobe
runners - sneakers, running shoes
toque - Rhymes with "kook." A kind of hat, ubiquitous in wintertime.
track pants - sweat pants
Miscellaneous
arena - An ice rink with seats around it. Could be any enclosed area with seats for viewing surrounding it, but the implication is that it's primarily for hockey.

bum - One's hind quarters. "He kicked me in the bum."

ASA - aspirin, which is a trademark of Bayer in Canada.

Chesterfield - A couch, or sofa, or whatever you call it where you are.

corner store - A small variety store, usually on a corner in a residential neighbourhood of a city. Similar to the American "convenience store."

eavestrough - A gutter, the sort that is attached to houses and funnels rain water down a pipe.

elastic -rubber band

garburator -garbage disposal

glove box - glove compartment

go missing - to disappear, become misplaced

Gravol - dramamine

GST -The dreaded Goods and Services Tax, 7% that goes on top of just about every purchase (in addition to the provincial sales taxes).

Holiday - A vacation or a trip. Also used in the American sense, meaning a day off work or school.

keener - Someone very eager and enthusiastic. Sometimes derogatory, in the sense of brown-noser, suckup, bootlicker. Someone obviously trying to get into someone else's good books.

knapsack - backpack, book bag

laneway - driveway

lineup - line. "There was a really long lineup for tickets to last night's hockey game." Some Canadians also use the British term "queue." Canadians wait in line or in lineups, never "on line."

Maritimes - The eastern Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island.

north of 60 - 1. The High Arctic. 2. A TV show of the same name.

parkade - A public parking lot. Term most common in western Canada.

Pogo - A brand name for a corn dog (hot dog dipped in batter and then deep fried). Attention Pogo company: if you make vegetarian Pogos I will buy them. Hint, hint.

postal code - The Canadian equivalent of ZIP codes. Postal codes are six characters long and are a mixture of three letters and three numbers.

reserve, or "rez" -A parcel of land allotted for Native Canadians, aboriginals, or Indians.

Revenue Canada, or RevCan - Canada's analogue to the IRS

Robertson screws - Screws (for metal or wood) with a square hole in the top rather than a straight or X-shaped one. Robertson screwdrivers come in different colors to indicate what size they are. Green number ones and red number twos are the most common. Robertson screws are just about impossible to strip, unlike Phillips-head ones, which become unusable about thirty seconds after you've brandished the screwdriver at them. They'd be popular in the States except that Henry Ford wanted exclusive rights to them, and Robertson (the inventor, a Canadian) refused to sell.

second-last - Next to last

serviette - French for "napkin." This term is used by anglophones as well as francophones. One visitor noted that younger people don't seem to use this term.

Sir John A. - A reference to Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada's first prime minister. "On Parliament Hill, you'll see a statue of Sir John A."

ski-doo - Generic term for snowmobile. "I'm going out on my ski-doo." Can also be used as a verb: "They're going ski-dooing later." The word "Ski-doo" is the brand name for snowmobiles made by a company named Bombardier (pronounced "bom-bar-dee-AY," not "bom-bar-DEER"). In Canada, "ski-doo" is one of those brand names that have evolved into generic terms.

Snowbird - A Canadian who flees to the southern United States (usually Florida) for some or all of the winter.
south of the border The USA (not Mexico).

The States - The USA. Canadians hate referring to the US as "America," because Canadians are just as much North Americans as Americans are.

tea towel - dish towel

transport truck - An 18-wheeler, or a tractor-trailer

washroom - bathroom

wicket - The desk at the bank where you conduct transactions with a bank teller. When the teller goes to lunch, he or she will display a sign that says "This wicket closed."

yankee, or yank - An American. Used regardless of where in the US the specified American is from.

beater - An old beat-up car. "Winter Beater" qualifies that one is driving a beater only because the "summer car" is in storage. Other visitors mention that a "beater with a heater" is an oft-used term for winter beaters.

klick - Kilometer, or kilometer per hour. "Better slow down, Vern, the limit's 90 klicks here. Hand me the bottle."

Joe Louis - Cake treat similar to a Twinkie, with chocolate cake and a white icing interior.

canteen - can refer to a cafeteria or snack counter

bag - versus "sack," especially in US midwest

chips - can describe potato chips or french fries